1	Biomes
2	Terrestrial Biomes “Biosphere” - the portion of the earth inhabited by life. “Biomes” are the major types of communities that are typical of broad geographic areas. often named for the dominate vegetation in the area
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4	Tropical Forests Near equator - little yearly temperature variation, or day length change Rainforests - high, constant annual rainfall Thorn forests - prolonged dry season Deciduous forests - wet dry seasons High species diversity
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6	Savanna grasslands with scattered individual trees three seasons, coolant dry, hot and dry, and warm and wet (in that order) frequent fires large grazing animals - migration
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9	Desert low unpredictable rainfall (less than 30 cm/year) can be hot or cold scattered shrubs, cacti and other succulents
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12	Chaparral dense spiny shrubs with tough evergreen leaves mild rainy winters, and long hot dry summers periodic fires
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15	Temperate Grasslands prairies, similar to Savanna but in regions with a cold winter occasional fire soils are thick and rich rainfall influences the height of vegetation (high “tall grass prairie” lower - “short grass prairies”) large grazing animals
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18	Temperate Deciduous Forests large broad-leafed deciduous trees very cold in winter, very hot in summer high rain/snow fall all year soils rich due to slow decomposition of fallen leaves diverse vegetation, and animal life
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21	Taiga (Coniferous or Boreal Forest) Coniferous trees - spruce, pine, fir long harsh winters, with short wet summers soil is thin and acidic (coniferous leaves) - slow decomposition elk, moose, deer, bear, wolves, birds and rodents
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24	Tundra Arctic Tundra very cold and dark for long periods, brief warm summers permafrost very wet soil in summers dwarf perennial shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens Alpine Tundra occurs at high elevations
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27	Freshwater Biomes Ponds and Lakes
28	"Photic and aphotic zones" Photic and aphotic zones
29	"Oligotrophic and Eutrophic lakes" Oligotrophic and Eutrophic lakes
30	"Temperature stratification" Temperature stratification
31	Streams and Rivers defined by the current clear nutrient poor waters near source slower moving nutrient rich near the end
32	"Rivers begin at head waters..." Rivers begin at head waters with fast current and low nutrients
33	"As the river flows down..." As the river flows down to a lake or the ocean it’s current slows and the nutrient levels rise.
34	Estuaries where freshwater rivers flow into the ocean very productive because of nutrients carried by the rivers many mollusks, fish, and water fowl.
35	"Estuaries" Estuaries
36	Marine Biomes Marine communities are defined by depth
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38	Intertidal zones Rocky shores high, low tides wave action
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41	"Mud flats" Mud flats high nutrients less wave action
42	"pelagic zone – open ocean" pelagic zone – open ocean
43	"Benthic zone" Benthic zone
44	Coral Reefs found in warm clear water shallow were sunlight reaches bottom high diversity of life highly productive Phytoplankton, Corals, Mollusks, Fish
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46	Animation – Coral Reef